O verbo to be é um dos verbos mais utilizados da língua inglesa e pode ser traduzido como ser ou estar. Em português, tais verbos são classificados como verbos de ligação e têm amplo emprego na construção de frase que expressam características e estados.
Exemplo:
Não existe uma regra para definir quando be significa "ser" ou quando significa "estar". Portanto, é preciso interpretar a frase como um todo, especialmente o complemento verbal, para depreender o significado específico do verbo.
Confira, na tabela abaixo, a conjugação do verbo to be no simple present tense, tempo verbal correspondente ao presente do indicativo no português.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdJSsRcADmLw4I1EOz-276cTD8a808YyWCN2qWM0K4UHSNuEnp0SX_p0fm1NV_byK5T4St6dH3s9UsKdK3SgKMHIMMW3eTbH-cPE9VMV7vEmUhUjPdWZ22D8CZEfssvUD-FU3nayKEAbI/w400-h207/TO+BE+ser+ou+estar+%2528tabelinha%2529.png)
As formas conjugadas do verbo to be podem ser abreviadas. Aliás, é mais comum que sejam utilizadas as formas contratas desse verbo tanto na expressão oral quanto na escrita. Na abreviação, é obrigatório o emprego do apóstrofo. Confira.
Exemplo:
I am very intelligent. ⇨ Eu sou muito inteligente.
You are tired. ⇨ Você está cansado.
Não existe uma regra para definir quando be significa "ser" ou quando significa "estar". Portanto, é preciso interpretar a frase como um todo, especialmente o complemento verbal, para depreender o significado específico do verbo.
Confira, na tabela abaixo, a conjugação do verbo to be no simple present tense, tempo verbal correspondente ao presente do indicativo no português.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdJSsRcADmLw4I1EOz-276cTD8a808YyWCN2qWM0K4UHSNuEnp0SX_p0fm1NV_byK5T4St6dH3s9UsKdK3SgKMHIMMW3eTbH-cPE9VMV7vEmUhUjPdWZ22D8CZEfssvUD-FU3nayKEAbI/w400-h207/TO+BE+ser+ou+estar+%2528tabelinha%2529.png)
As formas conjugadas do verbo to be podem ser abreviadas. Aliás, é mais comum que sejam utilizadas as formas contratas desse verbo tanto na expressão oral quanto na escrita. Na abreviação, é obrigatório o emprego do apóstrofo. Confira.
I am ⇨ I’m
You are ⇨ You’re
He is ⇨ He’s
She is ⇨ She’s
We are ⇨ We’re
They are ⇨ They’re
ATIVIDADE
1. Complete as frases, conjugando o verbo to be (ser ou estar).
a) I _____________ a good student.
b) You ___________ a good student.
c) He ____________ a good student.
d) She ___________ a good student.
e) We ___________ good students.
f) They _________ good students.
g) Paul __________ a good student.
h) My sisters ______ good students.
2. Complete as frases, conjugando o verbo to be (ser ou estar).
a) I ______________ at school.
b) You __________ at school.
c) He ____________ at school.
d) She ____________ at school.
e) We _____________ at school.
f) They ___________ at school.
g) Mary ___________ at school.
h) My colleagues ______ at school.
3. Entre parênteses, escreva S se o verbo to be houver sido empregado com o sentido de SER e E se houver sido empregado com o sentido de ESTAR.
a) ( ) I am your teacher.
b) ( ) I am in the classroom now.
c) ( ) You are my friend.
d) ( ) My friend is here.
e) ( ) Paul is not my best friend.
f) ( ) William Shakespeare is a British writer.
g) ( ) William Shakespeare is dead.
h) ( ) It is your favorite book.
i) ( ) ( ) “Hamlet” is not my favorite Shakespeare’s play. It is “Romeo and Juliet”.
j) ( ) They are librarian.
k) ( ) The book is on the table.
l) ( ) The books are in the library.
m) ( ) My name is Johnny.
n) ( ) ( ) The students are at library now. They are reading a book.
o) ( ) I am a teacher.
p) ( ) I am at school.
4. Traduza as frases do exercício anterior.
5. Analise a seguinte tira.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxbvm8kfldvjqd-mndUR6UNeXSRJKCo1kRffAK4Omauna91zqgvfU0BlMQlwNNidSXo6o_XDeGBD8zjsNMhEpl1eLdC2bDXXQhNhvGukZaMI9DEClTYfcnq9L1Mk4ycHyWnP-jznu_UXk/w400-h113/ANDY+CAPP+stike+me+up.jpg)
a) Indique os pronomes pessoais empregados na tira.
b) Copie as frases da tira em que foi utilizado o verbo to be. Em seguida, traduza-as.
6. Reescreva as frases a seguir, empregando a forma contrata do verbo to be.
a) I am at home.
b) You are at home.
c) You are in the library.
d) The book is in the library.
e) The student is in the library.
f) It is in the library.
g) He is my friend.
h) Paul is my friend.
i) They are my friends
j) You are good friends.
k) I am busy now.
l) We are busy now.
m) They are busy now.
1. Complete as frases, conjugando o verbo to be (ser ou estar).
a) I _____________ a good student.
b) You ___________ a good student.
c) He ____________ a good student.
d) She ___________ a good student.
e) We ___________ good students.
f) They _________ good students.
g) Paul __________ a good student.
h) My sisters ______ good students.
2. Complete as frases, conjugando o verbo to be (ser ou estar).
a) I ______________ at school.
b) You __________ at school.
c) He ____________ at school.
d) She ____________ at school.
e) We _____________ at school.
f) They ___________ at school.
g) Mary ___________ at school.
h) My colleagues ______ at school.
3. Entre parênteses, escreva S se o verbo to be houver sido empregado com o sentido de SER e E se houver sido empregado com o sentido de ESTAR.
a) ( ) I am your teacher.
b) ( ) I am in the classroom now.
c) ( ) You are my friend.
d) ( ) My friend is here.
e) ( ) Paul is not my best friend.
f) ( ) William Shakespeare is a British writer.
g) ( ) William Shakespeare is dead.
h) ( ) It is your favorite book.
i) ( ) ( ) “Hamlet” is not my favorite Shakespeare’s play. It is “Romeo and Juliet”.
j) ( ) They are librarian.
k) ( ) The book is on the table.
l) ( ) The books are in the library.
m) ( ) My name is Johnny.
n) ( ) ( ) The students are at library now. They are reading a book.
o) ( ) I am a teacher.
p) ( ) I am at school.
4. Traduza as frases do exercício anterior.
5. Analise a seguinte tira.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxbvm8kfldvjqd-mndUR6UNeXSRJKCo1kRffAK4Omauna91zqgvfU0BlMQlwNNidSXo6o_XDeGBD8zjsNMhEpl1eLdC2bDXXQhNhvGukZaMI9DEClTYfcnq9L1Mk4ycHyWnP-jznu_UXk/w400-h113/ANDY+CAPP+stike+me+up.jpg)
a) Indique os pronomes pessoais empregados na tira.
b) Copie as frases da tira em que foi utilizado o verbo to be. Em seguida, traduza-as.
6. Reescreva as frases a seguir, empregando a forma contrata do verbo to be.
a) I am at home.
b) You are at home.
c) You are in the library.
d) The book is in the library.
e) The student is in the library.
f) It is in the library.
g) He is my friend.
h) Paul is my friend.
i) They are my friends
j) You are good friends.
k) I am busy now.
l) We are busy now.
m) They are busy now.
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